Just Foreign Policy News
June 11, 2010
Is "South of the Border" coming to your town?
Oliver Stone’s powerful new documentary about progressive change in Latin America opens in the US this month. JFP President Mark Weisbrot co-wrote the script. Is "South of the Border" coming to your town?
http://southoftheborderdoc.com/in-theatres/
Reset: Stephen Kinzer’s Vision of a New U.S. Relationship with Turkey and Iran
Liz Cheney says Turkey is part of a new axis of evil that wants to destroy Israel. But Stephen Kinzer’s new book out argues Turkey’s independent policy is good for America.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-naiman/reset-stephen-kinzers-vis_b_604867.html
Stephen will be in DC, Chicago, SF, LA:
https://www.justforeignpolicy.org/kinzertour
Get the book from Powell’s (Union shop)
https://www.justforeignpolicy.org/buyreset
Brazil, Turkey Defy Washington on Iran Sanctions
The Security Council approved a resolution calling for new sanctions against Iran yesterday. Brazil and Turkey – voted no, while Lebanon abstained. That’s a record.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-naiman/brazil-turkey-defy-washin_b_606502.html
Beverly Bell: "So That Everyone Can Eat, Produce It Here"
Food sovereignty and land reform in Haiti.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/beverly-bell/so-that-everyone-can-eat_b_607541.html
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Summary:
U.S./Top News
1) An Israeli government document describes the Gaza blockade not as a security measure but as "economic warfare" against Hamas, McClatchy reports. Last week, after Israeli commandos killed nine volunteers on a Turkish-organized Gaza aid flotilla, Israel again said its aim was to stop the flow of terrorist arms into Gaza. However, in response to a lawsuit by Gisha, an Israeli human rights group, the Israeli government explained the blockade as an exercise of the right of economic warfare. "A country has the right to decide that it chooses not to engage in economic relations or to give economic assistance to the other party to the conflict, or that it wishes to operate using ‘economic warfare,’" the government said. Sari Bashi, the director of Gisha, said the documents prove that Israel isn’t imposing its blockade for its stated reasons, but rather as collective punishment for the Palestinian population of Gaza.
2) President Obama called for sharply limiting Israel’s blockade of Gaza, AP reports. Obama called for narrowly tailoring Israel’s broad blockade on goods entering Gaza so that arms are kept out, but not items needed for the Palestinians’ daily life and economic development. "The key here is making sure that Israel’s security needs are met but that the needs of people in Gaza are also met," said Obama.
3) Seventy-four Cuban opposition activists – including the island’s best-known blogger and a hunger striker who has garnered worldwide attention – signed a letter cheering proposed legislation that would lift the U.S. travel ban to their country, AP reports. The declaration, addressed to the U.S. Congress, supports a bill to let Americans visit Cuba freely and expand U.S. food exports to the island. "We share the opinion that the isolation of the people of Cuba benefits the most inflexible interests of its government, while any opening serves to inform and empower the Cuban people and helps to further strengthen our civil society," the letter said. The letter applauds a proposal introduced by Rep. Collin Peterson that would bar the president from prohibiting travel to Cuba or blocking transactions required to make such trips. It also would bar the White House from stopping direct transfers between U.S. and Cuban banks. That would make it easier for the island’s government to pay for U.S. exports.
4) Despite the Obama Administration’s rhetoric about commitment to international law, the Obama Administration has only secured Senate approval of a single treaty so far, a tax agreement with France, writes John Bellinger in the Washington Post. The Bush Administration secured approval of 20 treaties in its first two years, Bellinger notes. Even if the Senate approves START and several other bilateral tax conventions this year, the Obama administration will have presided over Senate approval of the smallest number of treaties during a two-year Congress in more than 50 years, Bellinger says. He urges the Administration to push for ratification of the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea. Other important treaties await Administration support for Senate action, including agreements to limit illegal trafficking in firearms, dumping of waste at sea and production of toxic chemicals.
Israel/Palestine
5) A consensus has emerged that Israel and Egypt’s attempt by embargo to weaken Hamas and drive it from power has failed, Ethan Bronner reports in the New York Times. Businesspeople in Gaza say that by closing down legitimate commerce, Israel has helped Hamas tighten its domination. And by allowing in food for shops but not goods needed for industry, Israel is helping keep Gaza a welfare society, the sort of place where extremism can flourish.
Afghanistan
6) Defense Secretary Gates warned that public opinion in Britain and America would no longer tolerate the loss of their soldiers in Afghanistan unless NATO forces achieved a strategic breakthrough by the end of the year, the Guardian reports.
7) Gen. McChrystal acknowledged that efforts in Kandahar to drive back Taliban insurgents were likely to take significantly longer than planned, raising new questions about what can be achieved in southern Afghanistan before the end of the year, the New York Times reports.
Iran
8) The State Department said the delivery of Russian S-300 surface-to-air missile systems to Iran is not against the recently imposed UN sanctions, AFP reports. Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov said Russia would ensure "absolute protection for all significant channels of trade and economic cooperation existing between Russia and Iran."
Honduras
9) During the General Assembly of the OAS, Venezuela reaffirmed its opposition to the re-entry of Honduras to the OAS until firm steps are taken for the re-establishment of democracy in Honduras, Venezuelanalysis reports. Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina, and Nicaragua joined Venezuela in opposing Honduras’s readmission.
Colombia
10) Court houses around Colombia suspended activity for three hours Wednesday, as some 25,000 of the country’s judges, prosecutors and court employees took to the streets against President Uribe’s recent criticisms of decisions made by the Supreme Court, says Colombia Reports. The protests were organized by Colombia’s National Judicial Association. A representative of the association said that the aim of the protest was "to set a precedent of respect for the foundations of the democracy" and to convince Uribe to "stop his affronts to the judges of Colombia."
Argentina
11) The OAS called for Britain and Argentina to re-open talks on the sovereignty of the disputed Falkland/Malvinas, Reuters reports. The vote was unanimous [implying, presumably, that the US also voted yes – JFP.] Argentina objects to plans by British oil explorer Rockhopper to develop the Sea Lion well, the first oil discovery in the islands. "This illegal activity has many environmental risks for the region, as we’re seeing now in the Gulf of Mexico," Argentina’s foreign minister told the OAS general assembly. "In addition there is also the belligerent and aggressive attitude the British government has, which is also a cause of concern for the continent as a whole," he said.
Contents:
U.S./Top News
1) Israeli document: Gaza blockade isn’t about security
Sheera Frenkel, McClatchy Newspapers, June 09, 2010 06:24:03 PM
http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2010/06/09/95621/israeli-document-gaza-blockade.html
Jerusalem – As Israel ordered a slight easing of its blockade of the Gaza Strip Wednesday, McClatchy obtained an Israeli government document that describes the blockade not as a security measure but as "economic warfare" against the Islamist group Hamas, which rules the Palestinian territory.
Israel imposed severe restrictions on Gaza in June 2007, after Hamas won elections and took control of the coastal enclave after winning elections there the previous year, and the government has long said that the aim of the blockade is to stem the flow of weapons to militants in Gaza.
Last week, after Israeli commandos killed nine volunteers on a Turkish-organized Gaza aid flotilla, Israel again said its aim was to stop the flow of terrorist arms into Gaza.
However, in response to a lawsuit by Gisha, an Israeli human rights group, the Israeli government explained the blockade as an exercise of the right of economic warfare. "A country has the right to decide that it chooses not to engage in economic relations or to give economic assistance to the other party to the conflict, or that it wishes to operate using ‘economic warfare,’" the government said.
McClatchy obtained the government’s written statement from Gisha, the Legal Center for Freedom of Movement, which sued the government for information about the blockade. The Israeli high court upheld the suit, and the government delivered its statement earlier this year.
Sari Bashi, the director of Gisha, said the documents prove that Israel isn’t imposing its blockade for its stated reasons, but rather as collective punishment for the Palestinian population of Gaza. Gisha focuses on Palestinian rights.
[…] Maxwell Gaylard, the U.N.’s humanitarian coordinator in the Palestinian territories, said the international community is seeking an "urgent and fundamental change" in Israel’s policy regarding Gaza rather than a piecemeal approach.
"A modest expansion of the restrictive list of goods allowed into Gaza falls well short of what is needed. We need a fundamental change and an opening of crossings for commercial goods," he said.
[…]
2) Obama calls for new approach on Gaza blockade
Erica Werner, Associated Press, Wed Jun 9, 7:22 pm ET
http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100609/ap_on_go_pr_wh/us_obama_mideast
Washington – President Barack Obama called on Wednesday for sharply limiting Israel’s blockade of the Gaza Strip in the wake of the botched Israeli naval raid that’s straining U.S. and Israeli relations with allies around the world, and the White House announced a $400 million aid package for Gaza and the West Bank.
"The situation in Gaza is unsustainable," Obama said as he met with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas in the Oval Office. He said the attention of the world is on the problem because of the "tragedy" of the Israeli raid that killed nine people trying to bring in supplies.
Obama called for narrowly tailoring Israel’s broad blockade on goods entering the Gaza Strip so that arms are kept out, but not items needed for the Palestinians’ daily life and economic development. "The key here is making sure that Israel’s security needs are met but that the needs of people in Gaza are also met," said Obama.
[…]
3) Cuban dissidents cheer bill to end US travel ban
Will Weissert, Associated Press, Thursday, June 10, 2010; 1:44 PM http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/10/AR2010061002763.html
Havana – Seventy-four Cuban opposition activists – including the island’s best-known blogger and a hunger striker who has garnered worldwide attention – signed a letter Thursday cheering proposed legislation that would lift the U.S. travel ban to their country.
The declaration, addressed to the U.S. Congress, supports a bill to let Americans visit Cuba freely and expand U.S. food exports to the island. "We share the opinion that the isolation of the people of Cuba benefits the most inflexible interests of its government, while any opening serves to inform and empower the Cuban people and helps to further strengthen our civil society," the letter said.
It was released by the Center for Democracy in the Americas, a Washington-based group that advocates freer travel and trade with Cuba. Signers include blogger Yoani Sanchez and hunger striker Guillermo Farinas, as well as Elizardo Sanchez, head of Cuba’s most prominent human rights group.
The letter applauds a proposal introduced on Feb. 23 by Rep. Collin Peterson, a Minnesota Democrat, that would bar the president from prohibiting travel to Cuba or blocking transactions required to make such trips. It also would bar the White House from stopping direct transfers between U.S. and Cuban banks. That would make it easier for the island’s government to pay for U.S. exports.
While travel to Cuba is technically not illegal, U.S. law bars most Americans from spending money here. Cuban-Americans, journalists, politicians and a few others can visit with special permission from the U.S. government. Washington’s 48-year-old embargo chokes off nearly all trade between the U.S. and Cuba – though cash-up-front sale of American food and farm products to the island has been allowed for the past decade.
Peterson’s bill must pass the House Committee on Agriculture before it can go to a vote by the full House.
A string of similar measures to expand travel to and trade with Cuba have died without reaching a full vote by either the House or Senate in recent years, but it is unusual for so many prominent Cuban dissidents to join in supporting a single piece of U.S. legislation.
[…]
4) Without White House muscle, treaties left in limbo
John B. Bellinger III, Washington Post, Friday, June 11, 2010; A17 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/06/10/AR2010061004356.html
[Bellinger served as State Department legal adviser from April 2005 to January 2009.]
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Defense Secretary Robert Gates and Adm. Mike Mullen, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, testified before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee last month in favor of the new START treaty with Russia. President Obama signed the nuclear arms reduction agreement April 8 in Prague and submitted the voluminous treaty documentation for Senate ratification just four weeks later. The lightning speed at which this was sent to the Senate and a Cabinet-level hearing scheduled reflects START’s importance to the administration. But the priority the Obama administration has placed on START contrasts sharply with its approach to other international agreements pending before the Senate.
Despite the presence of 59 Democrats, the Senate has approved only one treaty (a tax agreement with France) during the 112th Congress. The Obama administration must make more vigorous efforts with respect to the many important treaties awaiting Senate approval.
Although the Bush administration was criticized for its alleged lack of respect for international law, it had a particularly good record on seeking and obtaining treaty approvals. It secured Senate advice and consent for 163 treaties from 2001 to 2009. These included 20 treaties during the administration’s first two years and a record 90 treaties during its last two years – more treaties approved by the Senate than during any single previous Congress in U.S. history.
Treaties approved by the Senate during the Bush years included more than a hundred bilateral agreements on such diverse subjects as the protection of polar bears in the Arctic and the return of stolen automobiles from Honduras. There were more than two dozen multilateral conventions on human rights, environmental and marine protection, arms control, nuclear proliferation, cybercrime and sports anti-doping rules. And senior Bush officials testified in favor of treaties restricting the involvement of children in armed conflicts, protecting the ozone layer and creating a marine preserve in the Caribbean.
I testified in support of five treaties on the law of war that had languished before the Senate for years, including agreements prohibiting the use of incendiary weapons (such as napalm) and blinding lasers, attacks on cultural property in wartime and pacts requiring the cleanup of unexploded ordnance after a war. The Senate approved all five in September 2008.
One especially important treaty that the Senate refused to approve was the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea, to which 158 countries are party. This multilateral treaty, which guarantees freedom of navigation, codifies sovereign rights over marine resources and protects the world’s oceans, was strongly supported by all branches of the U.S. military, every major U.S. ocean industry and many environmental groups (and even then-Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin). Senior Bush administration officials testified in favor of the treaty in 2004 and 2007, and the Senate Foreign Relations Committee recommended passage in both years. Despite vigorous efforts by the Bush administration, the full Senate failed to vote on the convention because of concerns raised by conservative groups.
The Obama administration took office promising a "return" to the U.S. commitment to international law. Obama officials have publicly supported Senate passage of various multilateral conventions, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (neither of which the Bush administration supported). But as time has passed, the Obama administration’s commitment to the ratification of treaties has taken a back seat to health care and other legislative priorities. Sadly, the White House made no effort to obtain Senate approval for the Law of the Sea convention last year, when the political opportunity for passage was greatest (because the Democrats had both a cloture-proof majority for several months in a non-election year and political momentum after Obama’s win).
Meanwhile, several other important treaties await Senate action, including agreements to limit illegal trafficking in firearms, dumping of waste at sea and production of toxic chemicals. All of these deserve vigorous support from the administration.
Even if the Senate approves START and several other bilateral tax conventions this year, the Obama administration will have presided over Senate approval of the smallest number of treaties during a two-year Congress in more than 50 years.
After November, the administration will have a narrow window to make substantial progress on treaty ratifications before the next election year. It must devote the same energy it has given to START to securing Senate approval for the equally important treaties remaining on the Senate calendar. It should begin with the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Israel/Palestine
5) A Rising Urgency in Israel for a Gaza Shift
Ethan Bronner, New York Times, June 10, 2010
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/11/world/middleeast/11gaza.html
Gaza – Three years after Israel and Egypt imposed an embargo on this tormented Palestinian strip, shutting down its economy, a consensus has emerged that the attempt to weaken the governing party, Hamas, and drive it from power has failed.
In the days since an Israeli naval takeover of a flotilla trying to break the siege turned deadly, that consensus has taken on added urgency, with world powers, anti-Hamas Palestinians in Gaza and some senior Israeli officials advocating a shift.
In its three years in power, Hamas has taken control of not only security, education and the justice system but also the economy, by regulating and taxing an extensive smuggling tunnel system from Egypt. In the process, the traditional and largely pro-Western business community has been sidelined.
[…] Businesspeople in Gaza say that by closing down legitimate commerce, Israel has helped Hamas tighten its domination. And by allowing in food for shops but not goods needed for industry, Israel is helping keep Gaza a welfare society, the sort of place where extremism can flourish.
"I can’t get cocoa powder, I can’t get malt, I can’t get shortening or syrup or wrapping material or boxes," said Mohammed Telbani, the head of Al Awda, a cookie and ice cream factory in the central town of Deir al Balah. "I don’t like Hamas, and I don’t like Fatah. All I want is to make food."
[…]
Afghanistan
6) US defence secretary Robert Gates issues Afghanistan warning
Public in Britain and US will not tolerate loss of soldiers in Afghanistan unless there is a breakthrough soon, claims Gates
Richard Norton-Taylor, Guardian, Wednesday 9 June 2010 18.33 BST http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jun/09/robert-gates-afghanistan-warning
The US defence secretary, Robert Gates, warned that public opinion in Britain and America would no longer tolerate the loss of their soldiers in Afghanistan unless Nato forces achieved a strategic breakthrough by the end of the year.
He delivered his stark warning amid increasing concern in London, Washington, and other Nato capitals about the security situation in Afghanistan.
"The public expects to see us moving in the right direction," Gates said. If Nato-led forces were making progress then public opinion would be patient. However, he added: "One thing none of the public will tolerate is the perception of a stalemate where we are losing young men."
He said that in talks in London with the defence secretary, Liam Fox, the two men agreed that "all of us, for our publics, are going to have to show by the end of the year that our strategy is on the right track and making some headway".
[…]
7) General Forecasts Slower Pace In Afghan War
James Kanter, New York Times, June 10, 2010
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/11/world/europe/11nato.html
Brussels – The top United States and NATO commander in Afghanistan, Gen. Stanley A. McChrystal, acknowledged Thursday that efforts in Kandahar to drive back Taliban insurgents were likely to take significantly longer than planned, raising new questions about what can be achieved in southern Afghanistan before the end of the year.
During a visit here to NATO headquarters, General McChrystal used a briefing with reporters to outline what he saw as progress on a number of fronts since last year. But operations in the southern province of Kandahar, the Taliban heartland, "will happen more slowly than we originally anticipated," he said, even while acknowledging the need to show progress before the end of year to maintain political support in Washington.
"But it’s my personal assessment that it will be more deliberate than we probably communicated or than we thought earlier and communicated," he said, referring to the Kandahar operation. "And so I think it will take a number of months for this to play out. But I don’t think that’s necessarily a bad thing. I think it is more important we get it right than we get it fast."
[…]
Iran
8) Russian-Iranian S-300 missile deal not against UN resolution – U.S.
Paul J. Richards, AFP, 11/06/2010
http://en.rian.ru/world/20100611/159382525.html
The U.S. State Department said on Friday that the delivery of Russian S-300 surface-to-air missile systems to Iran is not against the recently imposed UN sanctions.
The Resolution 1929, adopted on Wednesday, imposes the fourth round of sanctions against Iran, including tougher financial controls and an expanded arms embargo. It also imposes an asset ban and a travel freeze on more than three dozen companies and individuals.
"The [Resolution] 1929 prohibits the sale and transfer of items on the U.S. Register of Conventional Arms, which does not include the S-300. That said, this is a sale that Russia concluded with Iran a number of years ago and Russia has exercised responsibility and restraint and has not, at this point, delivered those missiles to Iran," State Department spokesman Philip Crowley told a daily press briefing.
[…] Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Thursday Russia would ensure "absolute protection for all significant channels of trade and economic cooperation existing between Russia and Iran." Lavrov said Russia will also continue to cooperate with Iran on the Islamic Republic’s first nuclear power plant. A Foreign Ministry spokesman said the delivery of Russian S-300 surface-to-air missile systems to Iran will not be hit by the UN resolution.
Honduras
9) Venezuela in OAS: No Honduran Re-Entry until Democracy Restored.
James Suggett, Venezuelanalysis.com, Jun 9th 2010
http://venezuelanalysis.com/news/5418
During the 40th General Assembly of the Organization of American States (OAS) on Tuesday, Venezuela reaffirmed its opposition to the re-entry of Honduras to the OAS as long as the regime led by Porfirio Lobo, which came to power through a military coup d’état last year, remains in power.
"Until firm steps are taken for the re-establishment of democracy in Honduras, for the re-establishment of the guarantee of the political return of [President] Manuel Zelaya, until the crimes of the dictatorship are investigated and people are held responsible, there are no conditions for the recognition of Honduras in the inter-American community," Venezuelan Foreign Relations Minister Nicolas Maduro declared on Tuesday.
Venezuela’s position stood in opposition to that of the United States. Referring to the coup, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said, "these interruptions of democracy should be completely relegated to the past." Honduras’s "free and fair elections" last year should qualify the country for re-admission, Clinton said.
Brazil, Ecuador, Argentina, and Nicaragua joined Venezuela in opposing Honduras’s readmission.
Brazilian Deputy Foreign Minister Antonio de Aguiar Patriota commented, "Honduras’s return to the OAS must be linked to specific means for ensuring re-democratization… It is essential to create conditions for former president Zelaya to fully participate in the political life of Honduras."
The OAS countries did not reach an agreement on whether to re-admit Honduras, but they did agree to send an international commission to investigate the political and human rights situation in the Central American country before the end of July.
[…]
Colombia
10) 25,000 justice officials protest against president.
Camilla Pease-Watkin, Colombia Reports, Thursday, 10 June 2010 08:28
http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/10189-25000-justice-officials-protest-against-president.html
Colombia saw widespread protests on Wednesday against President Alvaro Uribe’s recent criticisms of decisions made by the Supreme Court, reported Colombian media.
The protests, which were organized by Colombia’s National Judicial Association, caused court houses around the country to suspend activity for three hours, as some 25,000 of the country’s judges, prosecutors and court employees took to the streets.
The association’s directors called the protest less than a week ago, when President Uribe publicly criticized the Supreme Court for it’s decision to approve an arrest warrant for former government official Mario Aranguren – who is suspected of involvement in the illegal wiretappings of security agency DAS.
Fabio Hernandez, a representative of the association said that the aim of the protest was "to set a precedent of respect for the foundations of the democracy" and to convince Uribe to "stop his affronts to the judges of Colombia."
He said, "In treating the judges like shyster lawyers in the service of terrorism [Uribe] places at greater risk the lives and personal integrity of those people in a country with so much social conflict and where there are so many armed organizations at the margin of the law imbued with fanaticism."
Hernandez spoke in reference to a statement made last week by the president, in which Uribe called the decision to arrest Aranguren an "injustice" and said that although he generally has complete trust in Colombia’s judicial system, the arrest of the government official caused "a tremendous lack of confidence" in the Court.
The president went on to accuse an unnamed "higher body" of pressuring a judge to order the arrest of a government official, to which the president of the Supreme Court, Jaime Arrubla, responded saying "To give an order to a judge is a crime … In Colombia, judges are independent, no one can influence their decisions. Because of that, what the president said [yesterday] cannot remain out in the open like that, it delegitimizes the institution."
Uribe has since criticized the Supreme Court again, saying that a Bogota court was mistaken in it’s decision to sentence retired Colombian army colonel Alfonso Plazas Vega to 30 years in jail for his role in the forced disappearance of 11 civilians in the 1985 army siege of the Palace of Justice, which had been taken over by M-19 guerrillas.
[…]
Argentina
11) OAS calls for talks on Falkland sovereignty
Reuters, Wednesday, June 9 12:36 am
http://uk.news.yahoo.com/22/20100608/tpl-uk-oas-argentina-britain-81f3b62.html
The Organisation of American States called on Tuesday for Britain and Argentina to re-open talks on the sovereignty of the disputed Falkland Islands, where a British company has made a major oil find.
[…] The OAS – a hemispheric forum that includes all nations in the Americas except Cuba and Honduras – voted at a meeting in Lima, Peru in favour of a resolution demanding the two nations restart talks on the archipelago’s sovereignty. Peru’s representative to the OAS announced that the vote was unanimous.
Argentina objects to plans by British oil explorer Rockhopper to develop the Sea Lion well, the first oil discovery in the islands. "This illegal activity has many environmental risks for the region, as we’re seeing now in the Gulf of Mexico," Argentina’s foreign minister, Jorge Taina, told the OAS general assembly in Lima. "In addition there is also the belligerent and aggressive attitude the British government has, which is also a cause of concern for the continent as a whole," he said.
[…] –
Robert Naiman
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